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Adam Shoalts

The most-loved lines from Adam Shoalts, drawn from 1 book in the library.

Lines labelled “HourLife takeaway” are our wording of the book’s ideas and may paraphrase it. Only lines in quotation marks are the author’s own words, with where they appear. Check the book for exact wording before you quote it. Spot an error?

A map is the record of someone who went to look.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

Each of the ten maps marks the end of a long and risky journey. Shoalts uses them as doorways into those journeys, so the chapters read as expedition stories more than lessons in cartography. The map is the receipt; the trip is the story.

Most of these explorers got anywhere only because Indigenous people showed them how.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

Samuel Hearne failed to reach the Coppermine River until he travelled with the Dene leader Matonabbee, who knew how to move and eat across the barren lands. Across the book, the routes, canoes, food and local knowledge often came from the people already living there.

A wrong map can still start the right journey.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

Peter Pond's map promised a great river running from the North West to the Pacific. Alexander Mackenzie followed the idea in 1789, and the river he found took him to the Arctic Ocean instead. He set out again and reached the Pacific overland in 1793.

The name of a whole country began as a word for one village.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

When Jacques Cartier sailed up the St Lawrence in the 1530s, he heard the Iroquoian word kanata, meaning a village or settlement. The book's second map belongs to that age, when the word moved from one place on a river to the name of a vast territory.

New France rested on alliances as much as on forts.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

Champlain founded Quebec in 1608 and spent decades travelling with Wendat, Algonquin and Innu allies, which drew him into their wars with the Haudenosaunee. His 1632 map of New France sums up what he saw, and what his allies told him about the country further west.

In these stories, cold, hunger and fear were the normal working conditions.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

Shoalts does not soften the hardship. The chapter on David Thompson, the surveyor who mapped much of the North West, takes in grizzly bears, rumours of living mammoths and a case of what was then called windigo psychosis. Getting a line onto a map often cost months of real danger.

Borders were drawn by war as well as by exploration.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

One chapter is not a journey at all. It is the siege of Fort Erie on the Niagara River in 1814, during the War of 1812, which Shoalts presents as the bloodiest battle fought on Canadian soil. It is a reminder that the shape of the country was also settled by fighting.

The far north was the last great blank, and the hardest to fill.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

The book ends in the Arctic, with the British overland surveys of the 1820s led by John Franklin, in which the surgeon and naturalist John Richardson also served. Long stretches of the northern coast were still guesswork on European maps well into the 1800s.

A map credits the explorer and rarely names everyone who made it possible.

A History of Canada in Ten Maps Adam Shoalts HourLife takeaway

The maps carry the names of Europeans, while the guides, paddlers and hosts who got them there mostly go unrecorded. Some reviewers felt the book itself still centres the European men. Reading it with that question in mind makes it richer, not weaker.

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